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China issues first top-level policy for comprehensive river and lake governance

On 17 June 2025, the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council issued the Opinions on Comprehensively Promoting the Protection and Governance of Rivers and Lakes. This is China’s first top-level policy providing a unified framework for river and lake governance. It sets out six key areas and introduces three core subsystems for modern flood-disaster prevention. By 2035, the policy aims to strengthen flood control, safeguard drinking-water sources and restore aquatic ecosystems, while promoting water-related culture and improving governance mechanisms. It builds on the Yangtze (2021) and Yellow River (2022) Protection Laws.

https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/202506/content_7029509.htm
The Ecological Environment Code (Draft) is ready to be reviewed for the first time

China is taking a historic step toward strengthening environmental governance with its first-ever Ecological Environment Code (Draft), submitted for a first reading in April 2025. Comprising 1,188 articles, the draft code consolidates over 30 existing environmental laws and introduces groundbreaking provisions ranging from the protection of ecological rights to the regulation of emerging pollutants and climate-related measures. For the first time, green and low-carbon development is given a dedicated legal framework. Open for public comment, the draft marks a major move toward a more unified, systematic, and future-oriented approach to environmental protection. Once adopted, it will become China’s second statutory code.

http://www.npc.gov.cn/npc/c2/c30834/202505/t20250513_445257.html
The Ministry of Ecology and Environment issued its industrial pollution-reduction opinion: Opinions on Strengthening the Environmental Impact Assessment of Construction Projects Involving New Pollutants in Key Industries

The Ministry of Ecology and Environment issued the Opinions on Strengthening the Environmental Impact Assessment of Construction Projects Involving New Pollutants in Key Industries on April 10, which requires strengthening the environmental impact assessment of construction projects involving new pollutants in six key industries. Industries include petrochemicals, coatings, textile printing and dyeing, rubber, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals.

https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/202504/content_7018852.htm
The Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE) issued Guiding Opinions on Further Strengthening the Environmental Management of Hazardous Wastes and Strictly Preventing and Controlling Environmental Risks

The MEE issued the Guiding Opinions on Further Strengthening the Environmental Management of Hazardous Wastes and Strictly Preventing and Controlling Environmental Risks on February 5th to strengthen the full process of informatization supervision on hazardous waste related units.

https://www.mee.gov.cn/xxgk2018/xxgk/xxgk03/202502/t20250211_1102036.html